How to create natural plastic at home

In our today's world its important to know what is plastic,what is its use,how it can be used,and how it cause problem to us and our beloved earth.

So in this session iam going to have a discussion about creating a simple mode of natural plastic and its decomposition.
This may or mayot be a natural plastic,but quite useful.
I has thought to write it when i had read about it in one of my teacher's practical book.
This is a simple,silly and unrealistic matter.sometime you may know about it already.

Needed materials:

- 2 glass jars
- 4 ounces(120ml) of whole milk
- 1 teaspoon of vinegar
- small plastic charm
- 2 clay flower pots
- soil

Now see how:

Pour 4 fluid ounces of whole milk into a saucepan and heat.The milk will first boil,then seperates into tiny particles(curds) and a clear liquid.Using the pot holder,slowly pour off the curds into the other glass jars.
Add 1 teaspoon (5ml) of vinegar to the curd and allow the mixture to stand about 2 hours.The indivitual curds will be seen to melt into a solid yellowish mass at the bottomof the clear liquid.The mass consists of fat,minerals and the protein casein-a string like molecule that bends like rubber until it hardens.Pour out the liquid and carefully remove the mass from the jar,kneading until it has a dough consistency.
Mould your plastic into any shapes placing them on a shhet of waxed paper to dry overnight.

How to create a refractive telescope at home

How can you built your own telescope?

What you need is simple,but what you have to be is Be patient.

needed materials:

- a pvc pipe: 50mm diameter of 40cm length
- a pvc pipe: 40(38)mm diameter of 25cm length
- a pvc joiner of 50*40 mm
- a pvc socket of 50mm diameter
- a pvc socket of 40(38)mm diameter
- an objective,convex lens of focal length 50 cm (power=2.0 dioptre)
- an eye piece ,convcex lens of focal length 5cm (power=20.0 dioptre)
- candle,lighter,cloth material and some other essentialities which you prefer.


How to create:

Attach lens of focal length 5cm to the centre of pvc socket of 40(38)mm
Attach lens of focal length 50cm to the centre of pvc socket of 50mm
By heating expand the 40mm mouth of pvc joiner a little.
Pass the 40mm pvc pipe through it.
attach the 50mm mouth of joiner to 50cm pvc
attach 50mm socket (with lens already attached) to the other end of 50cm pvc.
attach 40mm socket (with lens already attached) to the other end of 40cm pvc.
the telescope is redy.
now look a distant object through eyepiece(40mm lens side) and move the 40cm pvc to and pro.
grind it at the position where the image is perfectly seen.

Image formed:

image will be inverted.
image maynot be clear.
objective lens bring the image nearer and eyepiece lens magnifies to it.

The demerits of this telescope:

the price of lens of 5cm focal length is nearly Rs 225 (approx -$4.5).
you must need the service of an optical specialist to attach lens to socket.
This is not a perfect magnified telecope,you can only see it  10x sharper.


This is a 10x powerful telescope.
The image formed will be inverted (but it is not a problem in the case of celestial bodies)
For real image,you have to use a reflecting telescope,in which concave and convex mirrors are used.
(i will explain how a relecting telescope will work in my next post).

The power of a telescope lies in the power of lens.
focal length of eyepiece divided by focal lenth of objective (here 50cm*5cm= 10x)
But while crating with other lens,the length of pvc pipes must be adjusted.
Total length of telescope is equal to the sum of focal lengths of both lens